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Demonstration City I Pasig - Philippines
Update - November 2021
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Shared e-mobility for cargo and passenger services
•Development of cost-competitive, locally-appropriate, multi-purpose, smart electric quadricycles (15 units) •Locally-appropriate, use case optimal charging solutions •Test and establish an EV Sharing System that features accompanying user applications, monitoring and decision support systems |
Components and System Design
Engaging with Local Start-up: Tojo Motors •Design, prototyping, and pre-production of e-quads that are optimized for the local needs and context. •Initiated the design process for the vehicle prototype / sharing platform / operators’ decisionsupport systems Engaging with local stakeholders towards a User-centric System Design •Detailed conversations with relevant offices within the Pasig Local Government Unit •Focus group discussions with potential user groups : local home-owners associations; smalland medium enterprises; urban logistics service providers •Survey targeting small and medium enterprises was also conducted |
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Vertical Divider
Shared Use of E-cargo Quadricycles
The demonstration in Pasig will focus on integrated and shared urban logistics solutions, as well as investigate the potential for public charging solutions. The activities on-the-ground will also include those that aim at improving the enabling conditions for e-mobility, and enhancing local capacities related to e-mobility. Locally Developed/Assembled E-Cargo Quadricycles
Locally appropriate solutions addressing urban logistics are deemed to be quite important, as conventional vehicles that are currently being used are not particularly effective in conducing efficient movements considering the local conditions in the urban areas. The SOL+ demo will aim at producing and testing urban cargo quadricycles that are suited to the local conditions and can potentially transform how urban deliveries are done in the country. These quadricycles combine the nimbleness of smaller vehicles and the carrying capacity of larger vehicles that are currently being used in conducting urban deliveries in Pasig (e.g. motorcycles, cargo tricycles, and mini vans). An example of a small L6 cargo quadricycle is provided on the picture on the right. Potential Use Cases
The electric quadricycle vehicles to be developed will primarily be used for delivering parcels and letters within the City of Pasig. Other use cases will be explored as well, such as the shared use with the nearby public market, as well as waste collection. A “shared vehicle use” concept will be investigated for feasibility in the Pasig pilot This concept would centre on the shared use system that would feature the use of the vehicles by PHLPost during the normal delivery hours of the day, and the conduct of last-mile deliveries for the Pasig City public market during the early hours of the morning (e.g. 3 am to 5 am). This concept is being explored as such shared usage would lead towards optimised total costs of ownership. This concept is also seen as a solution that can significantly alleviate urban congestion around public markets. Flexible Electric Van
SOL+ will also be supporting a proposal being led by the De Lasalle University to a funding mechanism of the Department of Science and Technology to develop a “flexible electric van” (FLEV proposal) which features a chassis that can be used for multiple purposes (e.g. passenger/ cargo). Essentially, the vision is to make the FLEV also compatible for handling the cargo boxes to be used in the SOL+ quadricycles. SOL+ can provide a couple of units of the Valeo motors to the FLEV proposal. SOL+ (through the city equipment budget) can also purchase a unit of the FLEV for the use of PHLPost, which can replace one of their dilapidated minivans. |
Test category: The development of the quadricycle prototypes (and the charging facility/ies) will involve simulations, tests in controlled environments, and testing under real operational conditions. These technologies will be assessed as part of the activities.
Vehicles involved: 20 e-cargo 2/3 wheeler Integration with PT system: Currently, investigations for pursuing the Mobility-as-a-Service concept are ongoing. In such a case that the national government is interested in pursuing the MaaS discussions, the integration of the geolocation of the SOL+ Pasig vehicles will be investigated. Time span: June to December 2021 |
Trends and drivers
Overarching issues
The International Energy Agency (IEA, 2018) estimates that 103 million tons of Carbon dioxide (CO2) was emitted by fossil combustion-related activities in the Philippines. Thirty percent (30%) of the CO2e emissions was contributed by the transportation sector, with road transportation contributing 85% of the sector’s emissions (25% of the national total). Road transportation has also been implicated as the priority source of air pollutant emissions by the national air pollutant emissions inventory by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) which estimates that road vehicles emit 65% of the emissions load (DENR, 2017).
Vehicle motorization in the country has primarily been driven by motorcycle growth in the recent decade. Between 2004 and 2017, the registered vehicle fleet in the country has grown at an annual rate of 15%, with motorcycles growing at an astounding 18% per annum, with the total registered motorcycles tripling in size within the period – 1.8 million to 6.1 million (see Figure 2). Such growth can potentially be explained by increased access (driven by economic growth and availability of financial schemes that require low down payment) to motorcycles, and also perhaps due to the state of congestion in many of the major urban agglomerations in the country. Recent analyses have pointed to Metro Manila as having one of the worst congestion levels in the world, and Cebu being the worst place in the world to drive in (Waze, 2015; Numbeo, 2019).
E-mobility overview
The Land Transportation Office (LTO) registration data shows that the on-road electric vehicle fleet in the country is primarily dominated by electric tricycles (three-wheelers) and electric motorcycles (see Figure 3). Historical documentation of the growth in registered e-vehicles is not yet available as the rules regarding the registration of e-vehicles have varied over the years. LTO is yet to announce, for example, the adopted rules for registering e-motorcycles. These issues are related to the fact that the underlying national laws still pertain to vehicles as those having internal combustion engines. MMC et al.(forthcoming) has documented 15 models of e-jeepneys, 21 models of e-tricycles, 11 models of electric cars, and 61 models of other two to quadricycle models available in the Philippine market.
E-mobility has been slow in picking up in the country. In 2014, the Electric Vehicle Association of the Philippines (EVAP) forecasted that the e-vehicle fleet in the country would be at approximately 54,000. As seen in the registration figures, the actual registrations have been far off these projections. Multiple significant barriers (i.e. high acquisition costs, limited charging infrastructure, lack of social and technical familiarity, registration issues, lack of financial incentives) have contributed to such a slow uptake (MMC et al., forthcoming). There have been e-jeepney pilot projects in the past in several major cities (e.g. Makati, Pasig), as well as pilots involving e-tricycles. The most recent one, the ADB-DOE project, is discussed in Section 2.E. However, no significant levels of roll-out have been achieved to date.
The International Energy Agency (IEA, 2018) estimates that 103 million tons of Carbon dioxide (CO2) was emitted by fossil combustion-related activities in the Philippines. Thirty percent (30%) of the CO2e emissions was contributed by the transportation sector, with road transportation contributing 85% of the sector’s emissions (25% of the national total). Road transportation has also been implicated as the priority source of air pollutant emissions by the national air pollutant emissions inventory by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) which estimates that road vehicles emit 65% of the emissions load (DENR, 2017).
Vehicle motorization in the country has primarily been driven by motorcycle growth in the recent decade. Between 2004 and 2017, the registered vehicle fleet in the country has grown at an annual rate of 15%, with motorcycles growing at an astounding 18% per annum, with the total registered motorcycles tripling in size within the period – 1.8 million to 6.1 million (see Figure 2). Such growth can potentially be explained by increased access (driven by economic growth and availability of financial schemes that require low down payment) to motorcycles, and also perhaps due to the state of congestion in many of the major urban agglomerations in the country. Recent analyses have pointed to Metro Manila as having one of the worst congestion levels in the world, and Cebu being the worst place in the world to drive in (Waze, 2015; Numbeo, 2019).
E-mobility overview
The Land Transportation Office (LTO) registration data shows that the on-road electric vehicle fleet in the country is primarily dominated by electric tricycles (three-wheelers) and electric motorcycles (see Figure 3). Historical documentation of the growth in registered e-vehicles is not yet available as the rules regarding the registration of e-vehicles have varied over the years. LTO is yet to announce, for example, the adopted rules for registering e-motorcycles. These issues are related to the fact that the underlying national laws still pertain to vehicles as those having internal combustion engines. MMC et al.(forthcoming) has documented 15 models of e-jeepneys, 21 models of e-tricycles, 11 models of electric cars, and 61 models of other two to quadricycle models available in the Philippine market.
E-mobility has been slow in picking up in the country. In 2014, the Electric Vehicle Association of the Philippines (EVAP) forecasted that the e-vehicle fleet in the country would be at approximately 54,000. As seen in the registration figures, the actual registrations have been far off these projections. Multiple significant barriers (i.e. high acquisition costs, limited charging infrastructure, lack of social and technical familiarity, registration issues, lack of financial incentives) have contributed to such a slow uptake (MMC et al., forthcoming). There have been e-jeepney pilot projects in the past in several major cities (e.g. Makati, Pasig), as well as pilots involving e-tricycles. The most recent one, the ADB-DOE project, is discussed in Section 2.E. However, no significant levels of roll-out have been achieved to date.
Contact© 2021
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